oca cell lines es2  (ATCC)

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: Therapeutic optimization of LIPA targeting to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41388-026-03689-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Structures of selected ERX-41 analogs. B Heatmap depicting the antiproliferative effects of selected ERX analogs on OCa cells in vitro. C MTT assay results demonstrating the potency of ERX-208 over ERX-41 on the viability of OCa cells in vitro. D – F MTT assay results showing the impact of ERX-208 on the viability of OCa cells in vitro. G , H , Colony formation assay results illustrating the effect of ERX-208 on the clonogenic potential of OCa cells in vitro. The left panel ( G ) presents representative images of colonies formed, while the right panel ( H ) quantifies the number of colonies in control versus ERX-208-treated cells. I ERX-208 induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in treated ES2 OCa cells. Caspase 3/7 activity (fold change) was measured after treatment with ERX-208 (500 nM) alone or in combination with Q-VD-Oph (caspase inhibitor), ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor), or necrostatin-1 (necroptosis inhibitor). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. ns not significant; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Established OCa cell lines ES2, OVCAR3, OV90, SKOV3, TOV21G, TOV112D, A2780 (Supplementary Table ), were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and were maintained using ATCC recommended media.

Techniques: In Vitro, MTT Assay, Colony Assay, Control, Activity Assay

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: Therapeutic optimization of LIPA targeting to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41388-026-03689-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Time-course analysis of ERX-208 (1 μM) treatment on mRNA expression of ER stress-related genes, sXBP1 and CHOP, in SKOV3, OVCAR3, ES2, and OVCAR4 cells. B RT-PCR analysis showing the temporal effects of ERX-208 (1 μM) on the expression of XBP1 (unspliced XBP1 (XBP1u) and spliced XBP1 (XBP1s)) in OCa39, OVCAR8, OVCAR3, and ES2 cells. C Western blot analysis of UPR component activation in OCa39 and OVCAR8 OCa cell lines treated with ERX-208 for the indicated time points. D Transmission electron microscopy of OVCAR8 cells illustrating the effects of vehicle and ERX-208 treatments on subcellular structures after 16 h.; yellow arrows indicate the ER. Scale bar represents 100 nm.

Article Snippet: Established OCa cell lines ES2, OVCAR3, OV90, SKOV3, TOV21G, TOV112D, A2780 (Supplementary Table ), were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and were maintained using ATCC recommended media.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Activation Assay, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: Therapeutic optimization of LIPA targeting to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41388-026-03689-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Representative IHC images of tissue sections from PDE models treated with ERX-208 (1 µM), stained for Ki67, a proliferation marker. B Quantification of Ki67 staining in PDE models. Quantitative data are presented as mean ± SEM. C , D Invasion assay results illustrating the impact of ERX-208 on OCa ascites model cells. The left panel ( C ) presents representative images of invaded cells, while the right panel ( D ) quantifies the number of invaded cells following treatment with ERX-208. E – G Effects of ERX-208 on ES2 xenograft tumor models treated with a single dose of 10 mg/kg i.p. E Tumor volume measurements of mice treated with vehicle or ERX-208. F Tumor weights at the endpoint of the study. G Quantification of the number of tumor nodules in treated and vehicle groups. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Established OCa cell lines ES2, OVCAR3, OV90, SKOV3, TOV21G, TOV112D, A2780 (Supplementary Table ), were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and were maintained using ATCC recommended media.

Techniques: Staining, Marker, Invasion Assay

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Therapeutic utility of natural estrogen receptor beta agonists on ovarian cancer

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18442

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-B) ES2, BG-1, SKOV3, and SKOV3-TR cells were treated with vehicle or S-equol or Liq for 72 h, and the cell viability was measured by using a MTT assay. (C-D) ES2 and SKOV3 cells were treated with vehicle, S-equol, or Liq for 72 h and then cultured in growth medium for additional 7 days. The number of colonies for each group was counted. (E) ES2 cells were transduced with either empty or ERβ-FLAG expression vector and cell proliferation rates were measured using MTT assay. (F) ES2, SKOV3, and SKOV3-TR cells were treated with vehicle, S-equol, or Liq for 48 h, and the Caspase-3/7 activity was measured as described in Methods. Data are represented as mean ± SE. * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OCa cell lines ES2, SKOV3, and BG-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were maintained as per ATCC guidelines.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Cell Culture, Transduction, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Therapeutic utility of natural estrogen receptor beta agonists on ovarian cancer

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18442

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-B) ES2 cells were pretreated with Liq (25 μM) for 48 h followed by treatment with varying doses of cytotoxic drugs paclitaxel or cisplatin for an additional 5 days. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. (C) ES2 and SKOV3 cells were treated with vehicle, Liq or S-equol for 24 h and then used in transwell migration assays. Optical density was measured 16 h after migration. Photomicrographs of migrated cells in various treatments are shown. (D) Cell invasion potential of ES2 and SKOV3 cells treated with ERβ agonists was analyzed by using Matrigel invasion chamber assays. Photomicrographs of invaded cells in various treatments are shown. Data are represented as mean ± SE. ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OCa cell lines ES2, SKOV3, and BG-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were maintained as per ATCC guidelines.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Migration

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Therapeutic utility of natural estrogen receptor beta agonists on ovarian cancer

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18442

Figure Lengend Snippet: Total RNA was isolated from the ES2 cells that were treated with either vehicle or Liq (100 μM) for 24 h and subjected to RNA sequencing. (A) Heat map of differentially expressed genes between vehicle and Liq is shown. (B) Differentially expressed genes were subjected to pathway analysis using IPA software, and the selected top canonical pathways are shown. Analysis of molecular and cellular functions of differentially expressed genes are shown. (C) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) testing correlation of Liq-regulated genes with signatures of NF-κB signaling gene set and inflammatory response gene set. (D) ES2 and SKOV3 cells were treated with either vehicle or Liq or S-equol for 24 h, and the selective genes representing each pathway were validated by using RT-qPCR. Data are represented as mean ± SE. * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OCa cell lines ES2, SKOV3, and BG-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were maintained as per ATCC guidelines.

Techniques: Isolation, RNA Sequencing, Software, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Therapeutic utility of natural estrogen receptor beta agonists on ovarian cancer

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18442

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) ES2, SKOV3, and SKOV3-TR cells were transfected with NF-κB-luc reporter plasmid and grown for 24 h. Then, cells were treated with ERβ agonists and reporter activity was measured after 24 h. ES2 (B) and SKOV3 (C) cells were treated with Liq or S-equol (100 μM) for 24 h, and the expression status of NF-κB target genes was analyzed by using RT-qPCR. (D) ES2 cell lysates were used in pull-down assays using GST or ERβ-GST, and interaction of ERβ with p65 was analyzed by Western blotting. (E) ES2-ERβ-FLAG cell lysates were subjected to immunoprecipitation with IgG or FLAG antibodies and the interaction of ERβ with p65 was confirmed by Western blotting. (F) SKOV3 cells were transduced with empty vector or ERβ-FLAG expression vector and the expression of NF-κB target genes was analyzed by using RT-qPCR. Data are represented as mean ± SE. * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OCa cell lines ES2, SKOV3, and BG-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were maintained as per ATCC guidelines.

Techniques: Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation, Transduction